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Desalination Process Library

Overview
65 Available Units
Example Projects

Desal_Lib, the Desalination Process Library, allows you to model and analyze desalination processes which use any of the major thermal and membrane based desalination technologies, including:

  • multi-stage flash (MSF)

  • multiple effect desalination (MED)

  • vapor compression (VC)

  • reverse osmosis (RO) and

  • combinations of the above mentioned processes.

Desalination processes which are applied at a large industrial scale can be classified into two major types. These are thermal and membrane desalination processes. Among thermal desalination processes, multi-stage flash (MSF) distillation, multiple-effect distillation (MED) and vapor compression (VC) are the most important. Reverse osmosis (RO) is the main membrane desalination technology. There are several other desalination technologies like electrodialysis (ED), freezing, membrane distillation or solar humidification, but these only hold a very small share in the total installed desalination capacity.

The desalination process library contains the necessary component models to design the various desalination processes mentioned above. These components typically represent individual pieces of equipment, like heat exchangers, pumps, valves etc.. The core components of standard desalination processes are included as single units in order to combine versatility with compactness of the library. For example, the individual stages of multi-stage processes are implemented as single units. Thereby a multi-stage flash plant with any number of stages can be built by connecting as many single stage components as there are real stages. On the other hand a single flash stage can still be further disassembled into separate basic operations like throttling, flashing, condensing and mixing. This is possible as well, as these simple unit operation models are also available to build individual stages from separate units. This has some benefits when it is necessary study certain effects in an individual stage. Yet when it comes to building a process model of an MSF plant, which may consist of more than 20 stages in large installations, the single stage model will be the preferred choice.

The models which are contained in the current version of the library are design models with a medium level of detail. They are just right to investigate whole-plant configurations and interactions between the different components.

For reverse osmosis desalination plants, the library contains extended models which take into account detailed ionic species in aqueous solutions. The carbonate system and boron equilibria are the prevailing weak acid systems in such solutions. The extended seawater streams with ionic species allow to calculate the pH-dependent carbonate and boron equilibria, and do charge balancing.

Models for remineralization and chemical dosing with various substances for water quality adjustment (pre- and posttreatment) have been added.

For reverse osmosis applications, RO models with ion specific membrane transfer equations have been developed.

Working Media

Salt Water: Saline water with variable salt content and ionic species

Water: Water and steam

Gases: Mixtures of one or more of the following ideal gases: Ar, C2H6, C3H8, CH4, CO, CO2, H2, H2O, H2S, N2, O2, SO2

gear
gears
generator
generator
mech_loss
mechanical loss
motor
motor
optimization
optimization element
stream_to_W_Stream
transition piece to change from streams to W_Streams
SW_Boiling_point
calculation or prescription of the seawater boiling point
SW_Condenser
steam condenser with seawater as coolant
SW_Connector
connector for closed loops
SW_Connector_ion
connector for closed saline water loops with ions
SW_Cooler_cc
heat exchanger, counter current, for cooling seawater
SW_Cooler_co
heat exchanger, cocurrent, for cooling seawater
SW_Chemical_Dosing_ion
chemical dosing of various substances
SW_Evaporator
heated evaporator for seawater
SW_Flash
flash evaporator for seawater
SW_Heater_cc
heat exchanger, counter current, for heating seawater
SW_Heater_co
heat exchanger, cocurrent, for heating seawater
SW_Heat_sink
heat sink for seawater
SW_Heat_source
heat source for seawater
SW_Htex_co
heat exchanger, cocurrent, seawater on both sides
SW_Htex_counter
heat exchanger, counter current, seawater on both sides
SW_Mixer
mixer for seawater streams
SW_Mixer_ion
mixer for seawater streams with ions
SW_Monitor_ion
monitor for saline water with ionic species
SW_Pipe
pipe for seawater
SW_Pipe_ion
pipe for saline water
SW_Pump
pump for seawater
SW_Pump_ion
pump for saline water with ions
SW_PX
pressure exchanger for seawater
SW_RO
saline water reverse osmosis module
SW_RO_ion
saline water reverse osmosis module with ions
SW_SED
single effect distillation cell for seawater
SW_Sink
sink for a seawater stream
SW_Sink_ion
sink for a saline water stream with ionic species
SW_Source
source for a seawater stream
SW_Source_ion
source for a saline water stream with ionic species
SW_Splitter
splitter for seawater streams
SW_Splitter_ion
splitter for saline water streams with ions
SW_SSFlash
single stage flash for seawater
SW_Static_head
static head of water
SW_Stream_ion_to_SW_Stream
transition piece to change from SW_Stream_ion to SW_Stream connections
SW_Stream_to_SW_Stream_ion
transition piece to change from SW_Stream to SW_Stream_ion connections
SW_Turbine
turbine for seawater expansion
SW_Valve
valve for seawater
SW_Valve_ion
valve for saline water with ions
W_Boiler
simple water/steam boiler model
W_Compressor
compressor for steam
W_Connector
connector for closed loops
W_Htex
general purpose heat exchanger, water on both sides
W_Mixer
mixer for water streams
W_Pipe
pipe for water
W_Pump
pump for water
W_P_loss
pressure loss
W_Separator
separator
W_Sink
sink for a water stream
W_Source
source for a water stream
W_Splitter
splitter for water streams
W_Static_head
static head of water
W_Steam_Ejector
steam ejector (a.k.a. steam jet compressor) for compression of steam
W_Stream_to_stream
transition piece to change from W_Streams to streams
W_Stream_to_SW_Stream
transition piece to change from W_Streams to streams
W_Valve
valve for water
W_Xprescription
prescription/calculation of steam quality
conditional_setting
free conditional equation to set selected variables
free_var
free variable
22+3 MSF plant
This project has no description.
Demo_DL_011
6+2 MSF Desalination Plant with brine recycling
Demo_DL_012
13+3 stage MSF Desalination Plant
Demo_DL_014
22+3 MSF Desalination Plant, last stage in parallel
Demo_DL_022
Single Effect Desalination Process
Demo_DL_023
4 Effect MED Desalination Plant
Demo_DL_031
Mechanical Vapour Compression Unit
Demo_DL_032
Mechanical Vapour Compression Unit with Two Effects and Heat Recovery
Demo_DL_103
RO Plant with tapered design
Demo_SW_RO_ion
This project has no description.
Demo_SW_RO_ion_7_elements
This project has no description.
Demo_remineralization
seawater from RO module goes to remineralization post-treatment
MED-TVC 3 effects
Three Effect Desalination Plant with Thermal Vapour Compression.
MED-TVC 3 effects 2
Three Effect Desalination Plant with Thermal Vapour Compression. Includes individual condensate flash chambers and ejector for expelling non-condensible gas.
OTEC_Desalination_1
Open-Cycle Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) process for the production of desalinated water
RO_Energy_Recovery_PX
RO with Energy Recovery Device
RO_Energy_Recovery_PX_comparison
This project has no description.
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